المعرفة

محافظة أيدين

لمعلومات عن الولاية العثمانية، انظر ولاية أيدين.

محافظة أيدين Aydın Province (تركية: Aydın ili)، هي إحدى محافظات تركيا وتقع في منطقة إيجه، جنوب تركيا. عاصمتها مدينة أيدين، الذي يبلغ عدد سكانها 200.000 نسمة حسب تعداد 2012. تضم البلدة المنتجعات البحرية الصيفية ديديم وكوشاداسي.

محافظة أيدين
Aydın ili
محافظة
09350 Çavdar-Yenipazar-Aydın, Turkey - panoramio - Aydın Avcıoğlu.jpg
موقع محافظة أيدين في تركيا.
موقع محافظة أيدين في تركيا.
البلدتركيا
المنطقةإيجة
المنطقة الفرعيةأيدين
الحكومة
 • الدائرة الانتخابيةأيدين
 • المحافظحسين أقصوي
المساحة
 • الإجمالي8٬007 كم² (3٬092 ميل²)
التعداد
 (2018)
 • الإجمالي1٬097٬746
 • الكثافة140/km2 (360/sq mi)
مفتاح الهاتف00256
لوحة السيارة09

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التاريخ

Aydın was founded by the ancient Thracians and was once known as Tralles. The area is an earthquake zone and the city was built and rebuilt by a succession of Spartans, Phrygians, Ionians, Lydians, Persians and Ancient Romans. In 1186 the Seljuk Turks took control of the area, followed by the Anatolian beylik of the Aydinids. During this period the town was named Aydın Güzelhisar, and was brought into the Ottoman Empire in 1426.


الجغرافيا

Neighboring provinces are Manisa to the north east, İzmir to the north, Denizli to the east, Muğla to the south.

The central and western parts of the province are fertile plains watered by the largest river in the Aegean region the Büyük Menderes River, with the Aydın Mountains to the north and the Menteşe Mountains to the south. The western end of the province is the Aegean coast with Lake Bafa a major feature of the Menderes delta area. The climate is typical of the Aegean region, very hot in summer. The Germencik region contains a number of hot springs.


الحياة النباتية

Much of the countryside is a mix of fig, olive and citrus trees, especially figs.


المقاطعات

 

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الاقتصاد

The major sources of income are agriculture and tourism.

السياحة

 
Temple of Aphrodite in Aphrodisias

The coastal towns of Didim and Kuşadası in particular are tourist resorts. Kuşadası is near to the Dilek Peninsula - Büyük Menderes Delta National Park, while Didim has a temple of Apollo, beaches, and the ancient ruins of Miletos nearby. The province contains archeological sites, including the ancient Carian cities of Alinda and Alabanda.

الزراعة

 
تين أيدين.

Aydın is Turkey's leading producer of figs[بحاجة لمصدر] and exports dried figs worldwide. The very name by which the fruit was called in the world markets was "Smyrna figs" until recently, due to the preponderance of figs exported from İzmir over other species of the genus. But İzmir got the name by being the center for the wholesale trade and exports, while in fact the fruit was traditionally cultivated in Aydın. The term used within Turkey is "Aydın figs" (تركية: Aydın inciri). Turkey's yearly production of roughly 50,000 tons of dried figs, is almost all from Aydın,[1] Within Aydın province, the best figs are reputed to be grown in Germencik. Aydın produces olives from the varieties of Memecik, Manzanilla, and Gemlik,[2] as well as chestnuts, cotton, citrus fruits, water melons and other fruits.

الصناعة

Aydın has some light industry

Adnan Menderes University was built in the city of Aydın in 1990s and has branches throughout the province.

الاماكن الرئيسية

 
معبد أپولو في ديديم.

The city of Aydın has a number of antique ruins and Ottoman period mosques. The province's countryside and scenery include a stretch of the Aegean coast and a number of historic sites including:

الثقافة

Aydın is the home of the Zeybek folk art. This involves a special type of war dance which is performed in a ring to resemble birds. The Zeybek is performed to sounds of the Kiteli and other Turkish folk instruments.

The folk songs of Aydın are famously short, indeed a popular saying in the Aegean region to get someone to stop talking, is Keep it short, make it an Aydın tune.[3]

The cuisine features the typical Turkish pastries, köfte and kebab.

النقل

الطرق

Izmir to Aydın motorway, Motorway O-31, was built in the 1990s and is the city's main thoroughfare. An extension of this motorway to Denizli is currently under construction, with longer-term plans to extend it to Antalya.


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السكك الحديدية

There is a passenger train service passing through Aydın, connecting the city to Izmir and Denizli. This passenger train runs five trains per day. [4]

مشاهير المحافظة

 
Kuşadası in general

انظر أيضاً

المصادر

  1. ^ US Department of Agriculture briefing report on world fig production For comparison, the world's second and the third largest producers of dried figs, namely Greece and California, each produce around 12,500 tons per year. Since Aydın dominates the Turkish market in figs, the province also soars over these two producers by almost fourfold.
  2. ^ Wiley Online Library- Retrieved 2018-07-10
  3. ^ kısa kes de aydın havası olsun
  4. ^ Rail-Turkey TR - İzmir Denizli treni

وصلات خارجية

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