الانتخابات الرئاسية الأمريكية 1796

United States presidential election, 1796
All 276 electoral votes of the Electoral College for President and Vice President combined, 138 for each office individually; 70 electoral (For President or Vice President ndividually) votes needed to win
	Presidential election results map. Presidential electoral votes by state.; Because electors couldn't distinguish between their presidential and vice presidential choices until the passage of the Twelfth Amendment, the map above assumes that the presidential votes are exactly the votes for Adams or Jefferson. This leads to an anomaly: Maryland is listed as having cast 7 Federalist votes and 4 Democratic-Republican votes when Maryland had only 10 electors. One elector had run unopposed from his district, having pledged to vote for both Adams and Jefferson. [1] Green denotes states won by Jefferson, orange denotes states won by Adams. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.
President before election; George Washington; غير حزبي	Elected President ; John Adams; فدرالي

The United States presidential election of 1796 was the 3rd quadrennial presidential election. It was held from Friday, November 4 to Wednesday, December 7, 1796. It was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing tickets. The ratification of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution made such a result unlikely in the future.

فيما يسمى (بخطاب الوداع) عام 1769 م ، رفض واشنطن أن يرشح نفسه للرئاسة لمرة ثالثة ، وعندما قام الفدراليون بالتخلي عن قادتهم – هاملتون وجي – الذين ساءت سمعتهم نظرا لمعاهدة جي مع بريطانيا ، واتجهوا إلى تأييد (الأرستقراطي المستقيم) جون آدمز كرئيس وتوماس كنائب للرئيس . أما الجمهوريون فقد رشحوا حفرسون كرئيس وإيرون بر (Aaron Burr) كنائب للرئيس . وعند تعداد الهيئات الناخبة حصل آدمز على 71 صوت ، بينما حصل جفرسون من الحزب المعارض على 68 صوت ، وحسب الدستور فإن صاحب الأغلبية الثانية يصبح نائبا للرئيس ، وهكذا كان الرئيس من الحزب الفدرالي ، بينما نائبه من الحزب المعارض . وكان على آدمز أن يواجه أصعب المشاكل لإدارته وهي العلاقة مع فرنسا.

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المرشحون

المرشحون الفدراليون

John Adams, Vice President of the United States from مساتشوستس
Thomas Pinckney, former Governor of South Carolina
Oliver Ellsworth, U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice from Connecticut
John Jay, Governor of نيويورك
James Iredell, U.S. Supreme Court Justice from كارولينا الشمالية
Samuel Johnston, former U.S. Senator from كارولينا الشمالية
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, U.S. Minister to France from South Carolina

Candidates gallery

Democratic-Republican candidates

Thomas Jefferson, former U.S. Secretary of State from ڤرجينيا
Aaron Burr, U.S. Senator from نيويورك
Samuel Adams, Governor of مساتشوستس
George Clinton, former Governor of نيويورك
John Henry, U.S. Senator from مريلاند

Candidates gallery

النتائج

النتائج حسب المقاطعة توضح جلياً نسبة المرشحين الفائزين في كل مقاطعة. Shades of blue are for Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) and shades of yellow are for Adams (Federalist).

مرشح رئاسي	الحزب	الولاية الأم	عدد الأصوات^{(a), (b), (c)}		أصوات المجمع الانتخابي
مرشح رئاسي	الحزب	الولاية الأم	العد	النسبة	أصوات المجمع الانتخابي
John Adams	Federalist	مساتشوستس	35,726	53.4%	71
Thomas Jefferson	Democratic-Republican	ڤرجينيا	31,115	46.6%	68
Thomas Pinckney	Federalist	South Carolina	—	—	59
Aaron Burr	Democratic-Republican	نيويورك	—	—	30
Samuel Adams	Democratic-Republican	مساتشوستس	—	—	15
Oliver Ellsworth	Federalist	Connecticut	—	—	11
George Clinton	Democratic-Republican	نيويورك	—	—	7
John Jay	Federalist	نيويورك	—	—	5
James Iredell	Federalist	كارولينا الشمالية	—	—	3
George Washington	None	ڤرجينيا	—	—	2
John Henry	Democratic-Republican	مريلاند	—	—	2
Samuel Johnston	Federalist	كارولينا الشمالية	—	—	2
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney	Federalist	South Carolina	—	—	1
الإجمالي			66,841	100.0%	276
المطلوب للفوز					70

Source (Popular Vote): U.S. President National Vote. Our Campaigns. (February 11, 2006).
Source (Electoral Vote): Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996. الموقع الرسمي للأرشيف الوطني الأمريكي. (July 30, 2005).

^(a) Votes for Federalist electors have been assigned to John Adams and votes for Democratic-Republican electors have been assigned to Thomas Jefferson.
^(b) Only 9 of the 16 states used any form of popular vote.
^(c) Those states that did choose electors by popular vote had widely varying restrictions on suffrage via property requirements.

Electoral college selection

طريقة اختيار الناخبين	الولاية
Each Elector appointed by the state legislature	Connecticut Delaware نيوجرزي نيويورك Rhode Island South Carolina Vermont
State is divided into electoral districts, with one Elector chosen per district by the voters of that district	كنتكي مريلاند كارولينا الشمالية ڤرجينيا
Each Elector chosen by voters statewide	Georgia پنسلڤانيا
Two Electors appointed by the state legislature Each remaining Elector chosen by the state legislature from list of top two vote-getters in each Congressional district	مساتشوستس
Each Elector chosen by voters statewide; however, if no candidate wins majority, the state legislature appoints Elector from top two candidates	نيو هامپشر
State is divided into electoral districts, with one Elector chosen per district Each county chooses an electoral delegate by popular vote Elector is chosen by electoral delegates of the counties within their district	تنسي

انظر أيضاً

Notes

الهامش

Books

The North Carolina Electoral Vote: The People and the Process Behind the Vote. Raleigh, North Carolina: North Carolina Secretary of State. 1988.

Web references

"A Historical Analysis of the Electoral College". The Green Papers. Retrieved March 20, 2005.
A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825

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