المعرفة

لورنس وونج

(تم التحويل من Lawrence Wong)
هذا المقال هو عن رئيس وزراء سنغافورة الحالي. إذا كنت تريد الممثل، انظر لورنس وونگ (ممثل).

لورنس وونگ شيون تساي [أ]، (Lawrence Wong Shyun Tsai، و. 18 ديسمبر 1972)، هو سياسي واقتصادي وموظف مدني سنغافوري، ورئيس وزراء سنغافورة الرابع منذ 15 مايو 2024، ووزير المالية منذ 2021. كعضو في حزب العمل الشعبي الحاكم، كان وونگ عضواً في البرلمان عن دائرة مارسيلينگ-يو تي في قسم ليمبانگ منذ عام 2015، وقبلها كان نائباً عن دائرة الساحل الغربي في قسم بون لاي بين عامي 2011 و2015.

المبجل

لورنس وونگ
黄循财
Lawrence Wong 20230526.jpg
وونگ عام 2023.
رئيس وزراء سنغافورة الرابع
تولى المنصب
15 مايو 2024
الرئيستارمان شان‌موگارات‌نام
النائبگان كيم يونگ
هنگ سوي كيات
سبقهلي شيان لونگ
وزير المالية
تولى المنصب
15 مايو 2021
رئيس الوزراءلي شيان لونگ
هو نفسه
سبقههنگ سوي كيات
مناصب وزارية 2012–قالب:Wj2024
نائب رئيس وزراء سنغافورة
في المنصب
13 يونيو 2022 – 15 مايو 2024
رئيس الوزراءلي شيان لونگ
سبقهشاغر
خلـَفهگان كيم يونگ
رئيس هيئة النقد السنغافورية
في المنصب
8 يوليو 2023 – 15 مايو 2024
رئيس الوزراءلي شيان لونگ
سبقهتارمان شان‌موگارات‌نام
خلـَفهگان كيم يونگ
وزير التعليم
في المنصب
27 يوليو 2020 – 14 مايو 2021
سبقهأونگ يه كونگ
خلـَفهتشان تشون سينگ
وزير المالية الثاني
في المنصب
22 أغسطس 2016 – 14 مايو 2021
يخدم with إندراني راجا (2018–2021)
رئيس الوزراءلي شيان لونگ
سبقهلي هوي هوا
وزير التنمية الوطنية
في المنصب
1 أكتوبر 2015 – 26 يوليو 2020
رئيس الوزراءلي شيان لونگ
سبقهكاو بون وان
خلـَفهدزموند لي
وزير الاتصالات والمعلومات الثاني
في المنصب
1 مايو 2014 – 30 سبتمبر 2015
رئيس الوزراءلي شيان لونگ
وزارة الثقافة والشباب
في المنصب
1 مايو 2014 – 30 سبتمبر 2015
بالإنابة: 1 نوفمبر 2012 – 30 أبريل 2014
رئيس الوزراءلي شيان لونگ
سبقهتشان تشون سينگ (نائب وزير التنمية المجتمعية والشباب والرياضة)
خلـَفهگراس فو
عضو برلمان سنغافورة
عن {{{constituency_عضو البرلمان}}}
تولى المنصب
11 سبتمبر 2015
سبقهدائرة مستحدثة
عضو برلمان سنغافورة
عن {{{constituency_عضو البرلمان}}}
في المنصب
7 مايو 2011 – 24 أغسطس 2015
سبقههو گيوك تشو
خلـَفهپاتريك تاي
تفاصيل شخصية
وُلِد
لورنس وونگ شيون تساي

18 ديسمبر 1972
سنغافورة
الحزبحزب العمل الشعبي
الزوجتو تزى لوي
التعليم
الوظيفةموظف مدني، سياسي
المهنةاقتصادي
التوقيع
Chinese name
الصينية المبسطة黄循财
الصينية التقليدية黃循財

قبل دخوله الحياة السياسية، عمل وونگ في وزارة التجارة والصناعة، ووزارة المالية، ووزارة الصحة. كان سكرتيراً رئيسياً خاصاً لرئيس الوزراء لي شيان لونگ بين عامي 2005 و2008. كما شغل منصب الرئيس التنفيذي لهيئة سوق الطاقة بين عامي 2009 و2011.[1]

لمع اسمه سياسياً لأول مرة في الانتخابات العامة 2011 حيث تنافس في دائرة الساحل الغربي كجزء من فريق حزب العمل الشعبي المكون من خمسة أعضاء وفاز. تنافس وونگ لاحقًا في مارسيلينگ يو تي في الانتخابات العامة 2015، واحتفظ بمقعده البرلماني في الانتخابات العامة 2020. قبل تعيينه وزيراً للمالية، شغل وونگ منصب وزارة الثقافة والمجتمع والشباب بين عامي 2012 و2015، وزير الاتصالات والمعلومات الثاني بين عامي 2014 و2015، وزير التنمية الوطنية بين عامي 2015 و2020،[2] وزير المالية الثاني بين عامي 2016 و2021، ووزير التعليم بين عامي 2020 و2021.

كما شارك وونگ في رئاسة اللجنة متعددة الوزارات التي شكلتها الحكومة في يناير 2020 لإدارة جائحة كوڤيد-19 في سنغافورة.[3] بصفته وزيرًا للمالية، أشرف على الزيادة التدريجية في ضريبة السلع والخدمات (GST) التي دافعت عنها حكومة لي - 8% عام 2023 و9% عام 2024، بعد زيادتها من 7% التي تم تحديدها منذ عام 2007. في أبريل 2022، أُختير وونگ كقائد لفريق الجيل الرابع لحزب العمل الشعبي، مما وضعه في الصف كخليفة واضح للي شيان لونگ.[4] تولى وونگ منصب نائب رئيس وزراء سنغافورة في 13 يونيو 2022، وعمل جنبًا إلى جنب مع هنگ سوي كيات.[5] في 26 نوفمبر 2022، عُين وونگ في منصب نائب أمين عام حزب العمل الشعبي، وهو منصب مستحدث.[6]

في 3 يوليو 2023، أُعلن عن تعيين وونگ رئيسًا لهيئة النقد السنغافورية في 8 يوليو 2023. وقد شغل وونگ منصب نائب رئيس هيئة النقد السنغافورية بين عامي 2021 و2023. عُين أيضًا رئيسًا للجنة استراتيجيات الاستثمار في GIC، ورئيسًا للمجلس الاستشاري الدولي (IAC) التابع لمجلس التنمية الاقتصادية (EDB) في 7 يوليو 2023. و8 يوليو 2023، على التوالي. عُين وونگ لاحقًا نائبًا لرئيس مجلس إدارة GIC في 1 أكتوبر 2023. وفي 15 مايو 2024، أدى وونگ اليمين كرئيس وزراء سنغافورة الرابع.

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السنوات المبكرة والتعليم

Wong was born on 18 December 1972, in the eastern part of Singapore.[7][8] Growing up, Wong and his family lived in a public Housing and Development Board (HDB) flat in Marine Parade.[8] Wong's Hainanese father worked as a sales executive while his mother was a teacher at his primary school.[8] As a child, his father gave him a guitar and he developed a love for music.[9]

Wong attended Haig Boys' Primary School (now Tanjong Katong Primary School), Tanjong Katong Technical School (now Tanjong Katong Secondary School), and Victoria Junior College before going to college.[10][11]

Wong received a Bachelor of Science with a major in economics from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1994 under the Public Service Commission scholarship.[12][13] He received a Master of Arts in applied economics from the University of Michigan in 1995 and a Master in Public Administration from Harvard University in 2004.[14][15]


العمل المدني

Wong began his career as an economist working in the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) in August 1997.[16] It was the beginning of the 1997 Asian financial crisis and his first assignment involved preparing a report on regional economies and their effects on Singapore. He described the experience by saying "nothing that I learned in school prepared me for such an assignment" and recounted having to learn on the job.[17]

Wong was posted to the Ministry of Finance (MOF) in January 2002 and then the Ministry of Health (MOH) in July 2004, where he served as Director of Healthcare Finance until May 2005. Wong served as the principal private secretary to Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong between May 2005 and August 2008.[16]

In September 2008, Wong became deputy chief executive officer of the Energy Market Authority, rising to chief executive officer on 1 January 2009. He relinquished the role on 1 April 2011.[16]

مسيرته السياسية المبكرة

 
Wong with Japanese Minister of Finance Shun'ichi Suzuki in May 2023

Wong entered politics at the 2011 general election when he contested as part of a five-member People's Action Party (PAP) team in West Coast GRC. The PAP team won with 66.66% of the vote against the Reform Party and Wong was elected as the Member of Parliament representing the Boon Lay ward of West Coast GRC.

وزير الدولة

On 21 May 2011, Wong was appointed Minister of State for Defence and Minister of State for Education. He was also appointed to the board of directors of the Monetary Authority of Singapore on 10 June 2011.[18] On 1 August 2012, he was promoted to Senior Minister of State for Information, Communications and the Arts and Senior Minister of State for Education. On 1 November 2012, he was appointed Acting Minister for Culture, Community and Youth and Senior Minister of State for Communications and Information.[19] Wong led a team to bid for the Singapore Botanic Gardens to be recognised as Singapore's first UNESCO World Heritage Site.[20][21][22] Wong also spearheaded the free museum entry policy for all Singaporeans and permanent residents, to all national museums and heritage institutions from 18 May 2013.[23] In 2013, Wong also announced the setting up of a new S$100 million National Youth Fund for youth to champion community and social causes.[24]

مناصب وزارية

On 1 May 2014, Wong was promoted to Minister for Culture, Community and Youth and Second Minister for Communications and Information.[25] He was also a co-opted Member of the 32nd, 33rd and 35th CEC before his win in the election into the 36th PAP Central Executive Committee (CEC).[26] Wong was also appointed as the Head of the SG50 Programme Office that coordinates the work of five committees for Singapore's Golden Jubilee Year celebrations.[27] Wong was also the co-chair for the SG50 Culture and Community Committee in August 2013.[28]

As Minister for Culture, Community and Youth, Wong was involved in the transformation of the Civic District[29]—the birthplace of modern Singapore which contained many institutions that have witnessed important turning points in Singapore's history.[30][29] In January 2016, he assumed office as Chairman of the PAP Community Foundation from 2016 until June 2022 where it was handed over to Minister Josephine Teo[31] In August 2016, the National Arts Council attracted criticisms over the high consultation fees paid for a bin centre, as flagged by the Auditor-General's Office. Wong addressed the issue in Parliament, saying that the project was at acceptable cost due to the need for extensive study of the location and technicality involved with the building of the refuse centre in the Civic District.[32] Under his charge, Wong also introduced the S$200 million Cultural Matching Fund, a dollar-for-dollar matching grant for cash donations to arts and heritage charities and Institutions of Public Character in Singapore.[33][34][35]

In the 2015 general election, Wong was part of a four-member PAP team contesting in the newly formed Marsiling–Yew Tee GRC. [36] The PAP team won with 68.7% of the vote against the Singapore Democratic Party and Wong was elected as the Member of Parliament representing the Limbang ward of Marsiling–Yew Tee GRC.[37] Wong was also the Chairman of the Steering Committee for the 2015 Southeast Asian Games.[38] Wong had also announced several key initiatives to get more Singaporeans involved in sports.[39] This includes a national movement called ActiveSG, which gives all Singaporeans and permanent residents ActiveSG$100 to sign up for sports programmes, and enter into swimming pools and gyms at the various sports centres islandwide.[40] Wong also chaired the Singapore High Performance Sports Steering Committee, which provides strategic guidance on identifying and nurturing high performing sporting talents.[41] Wong said that the accomplishments of Singapore athletes at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games indicate that Singapore's investment in sports is paying off.[42] On 1 October 2015, Wong became the Minister for National Development.[15] He also chaired the steering committee for the development of Jurong Lake Gardens.[43] On 22 August 2016, Wong was appointed Second Minister for Finance,[44] in addition to being Minister for National Development.[45] On 29 August 2016, he stepped down from the board of directors of the Monetary Authority of Singapore and was replaced by Ong Ye Kung.[18][46]

During the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore, Wong and Gan Kim Yong were appointed co-chairs of a multi-ministerial committee formed by the government in January 2020 to manage the situation. On 26 March 2020, while paying tribute to frontline workers helping in Singapore's fight against COVID-19, Wong turned emotional and teary-eyed while delivering his address in Parliament. He thanked healthcare workers, as well as those working in cleaning, transport and security sectors for providing much-needed services to keep Singapore going during this difficult time.[47] In the 2020 general election, Wong led a four-member PAP team to contest in Marsiling–Yew Tee GRC again. The PAP team won with 63.18% of the vote against the Singapore Democratic Party and Wong retained his seat as the Member of Parliament representing Limbang ward.[48] On 27 July 2020, following a Cabinet reshuffle, Wong succeeded Ong Ye Kung as Minister for Education.[49] On 8 November that year, Wong was elected into the PAP's Central Executive Committee for the first time after rising to prominence for leading the Government's fight against COVID-19.[50]

On 15 May 2021, following another Cabinet reshuffle, Wong relinquished his portfolio as Minister for Education and became Minister for Finance after Heng relinquished his Cabinet portfolio.[51] On 28 May 2021, he was reappointed to the board of directors of the Monetary Authority of Singapore as deputy chair, replacing Lim Hng Kiang.[52][53] In February 2022, Wong announced a S$500 million stimulus package due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Wong also said the government would set aside an additional S$560 million to "help Singaporean citizens deal with the rising cost of living".[54] Later in June 2022, Wong announced another $1.5 billion support package to provide targeted relief for lower-income and vulnerable groups.[55] At Budget 2023, Wong announced that the Assurance Package was enhanced from $6.6 billion, announced in 2022, to $9.6 billion. This was to offset additional GST expenses for the majority of Singaporean households for at least five years.[56] In September 2023, Wong announced an additional $1.1 billion Cost-of-Living (COL) Support Package to provide more relief for Singaporean households, especial lower- to middle-income families.[57]


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نائب رئيس الوزراء

 
وونگ برفقة نائبة وزير الخارجية الأمريكي ڤكتوريا نولاند، أكتوبر 2023.

On 14 April 2022, Wong was selected as the leader of the PAP's fourth-generation (4G) team, succeeding Deputy Prime Minister Heng Swee Keat, who had stepped down as 4G leader on 8 April 2021.[58] Prior to his appointment, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong delegated former PAP chairman Khaw Boon Wan to initiate a consultation process among the fourth-generation ministers of the Cabinet, aimed at garnering their individual views regarding the selection of a new 4G leader.[59] However, both Prime Minister Lee and Senior Ministers Tharman Shanmugaratnam and Teo Chee Hean, abstained from participating in the process.[60]

Wong received an "overwhelming majority" of support in the consultation process, surpassing that of Ong Ye Kung and Chan Chun Sing, his cabinet colleagues and co-contestants in the 4G leadership race.[61] He received 15 out of the 19 votes from the stakeholders polled, and as no candidate is allowed to vote for himself, this meant that only three other individuals did not vote for him as their first choice.[62] His candidature was unanimously endorsed by the Cabinet and subsequently, by the PAP MPs at a party caucus on 14 April.[63] His appointment was announced by Prime Minister Lee in a Facebook post the same day.[63]

On 6 June 2022, a Cabinet reshuffle was announced where Wong was promoted to Deputy Prime Minister, which further cemented his position as Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong's successor. In addition to becoming Deputy Prime Minister, he was also named "Acting Prime Minister" in Lee's absence. He had also taken over responsibility of the Strategy Group in the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) from Heng Swee Keat.[64][65] On 28 June 2022, Wong launched the "Forward Singapore" movement[66] as part of his vision for a society that "benefits many, not a few".[67] The Forward Singapore report was released on 27 October 2023.[68] On 5 November 2023, Lee Hsien Loong announced that he would be passing his ministerial role to Wong in November 2024, before the next general election, "if all goes well".[69]

رئيس الوزراء (2024–الحاضر)

انظر أيضاً: وزارة لورنس وونگ الاولى

Wong subsequently emerged as Lee's apparent successor to the position of prime minister; the latter's initial plan to step down at the age of 70 had been complicated by Heng's withdrawal.[70] On 15 April 2024, the Prime Minister's Office issued a press statement confirming that Lawrence Wong would succeed Lee Hsien Loong as prime minister.[71] Wong was officially sworn in at 20:00 local time on 15 May at The Istana.[72] He became the country's fourth prime minister, as well as the first to be born after Singapore's independence in 1965.[73][74]

حياته الشخصية

Wong previously married at the age of 28 but divorced his first wife after three years because of "incompatibility".[75][76] His second wife is Loo Tze Lui, a former banker currently working in wealth management and who served on the board of directors of YMCA Singapore.[77] He has no children.[78] His elder brother is an aerospace engineer at DSO National Laboratories.[79] His hobbies include playing the guitar and riding motorcycles.[80][81] A Christian, Wong adheres to Methodism.[8][82]

الهوامش

  1. ^ الصينية المبسطة: 黄循财؛ الصينية التقليدية: 黃循財؛ پن‌ين: Huáng Xúncái�. In this Chinese name, the family name is Wong. In accordance with custom, the Western-style name is Lawrence Wong and the Chinese-style name is Wong Shyun Tsai.

المصادر

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وصلات خارجية

مناصب سياسية
سبقه
منصب مستحدث 		وزير الثقافة والمجتمع والشباب
2012–2015 		تبعه
گريس فو
سبقه
كاو بون وان 		وزير التنمية الوطنية
2015–2020 		تبعه
دزموند لي
سبقه
منصب مستحدث 		وزير المالية الثاني
2016–2021 		تبعه
منصب مستحدث
سبقه
أوگ يه كونگ 		وزير التعليم
2020–2021 		تبعه
تشان تشون سينگ
سبقه
هنگ سوي كيات 		وزير المالية
2021–الحاضر 		الحالي
سبقه
لي شيان لونگ 		رئيس وزراء سنغافورة
2024–الحاضر
سبقه
منصب مستحدث 		نائب رئيس الوزراء
2022–2024
خدم مع: هنگ سوي كيات 		تبعه
گن كيم ينگ
Assembly seats
سبقه
هو گيوك تشو 		عضو البرلمان عن دائرة
الساحل الغربي (بون لاي)
2011–2015 		تبعه
پاتريك تاي
دائرة انتخابية جديدة عضو البرلمان عن دائرة
مارسيلينگ-يو تي (ليمبانگ)
2015–الحاضر 		الحالي
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