إيتالو كالڤينو

إيتالو كالڤينو Italo Calvino (15 أكتوبر 1923 – 19 سبتمبر 1985) (النطق بالإيطالية: [ˈiːtalo kalˈviːno])صحفي، كاتب قصص قصيرة، روائي إيطاليا. من أشهر أعماله ثلاثية أسلافنا Our Ancestors (1952–1959)، Cosmicomics وهي مجموعة من القصص القصيرة (1965)، وروايات المدن غير المرئية (1972) وIf on a winter's night a traveler (1979).

إيتالو كالڤينو Italo Calvino
إيتالو كالڤينو على غلاف كتاب Lezioni americane: Sei proposte per il prossimo millennio
وُلِد	Italo Giovanni Calvino Mameli (1923-10-15)15 أكتوبر 1923 سانتياگو ده لاس ڤگاس، كوبا
توفي	19 سبتمبر 1985(1985-09-19) (aged 61) سيينا، إيطاليا
الوظيفة	صحفي، كاتب قصص قصيرة، روائي، كاتب مقالات
العرق	إيطالي
الحركة الأدبية	الواقعية الجديدة, ما بعد الحداثة
أبرز الأعمال	The Baron in the Trees Invisible Cities If on a winter's night a traveler Six Memos for the Next Millennium

كُرم في بريطانيا والولايات المتحدة، وكان حتى وفاته أكثر كاتب إيطالي معاصر تُرجمت أعماله، وكان منافس بارز على جائزة نوبل للأدب.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 مؤلفون ومساعدو نشر

• ماريو ريگوني سترن
• گياني يلاتي
• أندري ده كارلو
• دانيال دل گيدس
• ليوناردو سكاسيا

 مختارات

 الروايات

العنوان	النشر الأصلي	الترجمة العربية	المترجم
Il sentiero dei nidi di ragno The Path to the Nest of Spiders The Path to the Spiders' Nests	1947	1957 1998	Archibald Colquhoun Martin McLaughlin
Il visconte dimezzato The Cloven Viscount	1952	1962	Archibald Colquhoun
La formica argentina The Argentine Ant	1952	1957	Archibald Colquhoun
Fiabe Italiane Italian Fables Italian Folk Tales Italian Folktales	1956	1961 1975 1980	Louis Brigante Sylvia Mulcahy George Martin
Il barone rampante The Baron in the Trees	1957	1959	Archibald Colquhoun
La speculazione edilizia A Plunge into Real Estate	1957	1984	D. S. Carne-Ross
Il cavaliere inesistente The Nonexistent Knight	1959	1962	Archibald Colquhoun
La giornata d'uno scrutatore The Watcher	1963	1971	William Weaver
Marcovaldo ovvero le stagioni in città Marcovaldo or the Seasons in the City	1963	1983	William Weaver
La nuvola di smog Smog	1965	1971	William Weaver
Le cosmicomiche Cosmicomics	1965	1968	William Weaver
Ti con zero t zero (also published as Time and the Hunter)	1967	1969	William Weaver
Il castello dei destini incrociati The Castle of Crossed Destinies	1969	1977	William Weaver
Gli amori difficili Difficult Loves (also the title of 2 different collections)	1970	1984	William Weaver
Le città invisibili مدن لا مرئية	1972	1974	William Weaver
Se una notte d'inverno un viaggiatore If on a winter's night a traveler	1979	1981	William Weaver
Palomar Mr. Palomar	1983	1985	William Weaver

 مجموعات أدبية

الاسم	الأصلي النشر	الترجمة	المترجم
Ultimo viene il corvo The Crow Comes Last	1949	–	–
30 short stories: ? (some of these stories appear in Adam, One Afternoon, and other collections).
– Adam, One Afternoon and Other Stories	–	1957	Archibald Colquhoun, Peggy Wright
21 short stories: Adam, One Afternoon; The Enchanted Garden; Father to Son; A Goatherd at Luncheon; Leaving Again Shortly; The House of the Beehives; Fear on the Footpath; Hunger at Bévera; Going to Headquarters; The Crow Comes Last; One of the Three is Still Alive; Animal Wood; Theft in a Cake Shop; Dollars and the Demi-Mondaine; Sleeping Like Dogs; Desire in November; A Judgment; The Cat and the Policeman; Who Put the Mine in the Sea?; The Argentine Ant.
I nostri antenati Our Ancestors	1960	1962	Archibald Colquhoun
3 novels: The Cloven Viscount; The Baron in the Trees; The Nonexistent Knight.
– The Watcher and Other Stories	–	1971	Archibald Colquhoun, William Weaver
3 short stories: The Watcher; The Argentine Ant; Smog.
– Difficult Loves	–	1983	William Weaver, D. S. Carne-Ross
3 novellas: Difficult Loves; Smog; A Plunge into Real Estate.
– Difficult Loves	–	1984	William Weaver, Archibald Colquhoun, Peggy Wright
The novella, Difficult Loves, and 20 short stories: Adam, One Afternoon; The Enchanted Garden; A Goatherd at Luncheon; The House of the Beehives; Big Fish, Little Fish; A Ship Loaded with Crabs; Man in the Wasteland; Lazy Sons; Fear on the Footpath; Hunger at Bévera; Going to Headquarters; The Crow Comes Last; One of the Three Is Still Alive; Animal Woods; Mine Field; Theft in a Pastry Shop; Dollars and the Demimondaine; Sleeping like Dogs; Desire in November; Transit Bed.
Sotto il sole giaguaro Under the Jaguar Sun	1986	1988	William Weaver
3 short stories: Under the Jaguar Sun; A King Listens; The Name, The Nose.
Prima che tu dica 'Pronto' Numbers in the Dark and Other Stories	1993	1996	Tim Parks
37 short stories: The Man Who Shouted Teresa; The Flash; Making Do; Dry River; Conscience; Solidarity; The Black Sheep; Good for Nothing; Like a Flight of Ducks; Love Far from Home; Wind in a City; The Lost Regiment; Enemy Eyes; A General in the Library; The Workshop Hen; Numbers in the Dark; The Queen's Necklace; Becalmed in the Antilles; The Tribe with Its Eyes on the Sky; Nocturnal Soliloquy of a Scottish Nobleman; A Beautiful March Day; World Memory; Beheading the Heads; The Burning of the Abominable House; The Petrol Pump; Neanderthal Man; Montezuma; Before You Say 'Hello'; Glaciation; The Call of the Water; The Mirror, the Target; The Other Eurydice; The Memoirs of Casanova; Henry Ford; The Last Channel; Implosion; Nothing and Not Much.
– The Complete Cosmicomics	–	2009	Martin McLaughlin, Tim Parks, William Weaver
The collections Cosmicomics and t zero, 4 stories from Numbers in the Dark and Other Stories, and 7 stories newly translated by Martin McLaughlin.

 مقالات وكتابات أخرى

الاسم	الأصلي النشر	الترجمة	المترجم
Orlando furioso di Ludovico Ariosto –	1970	–	–
An interpretation of the epic poem, and selections.
Autobiografia di uno spettatore Autobiography of a Spectator	1974	–	–
Preface to Fellini's Quattro film.
Introduction to Faits divers de la terre et du ciel by Silvina Ocampo –	1974	–	–
With a preface by Jorge Luis Borges.
Una pietra sopra: Discorsi di letteratura e società The Uses of Literature (also published as The Literature Machine)	1980	1986	Patrick Creagh
Essays on literature.
Racconti fantastici dell'ottocento Fantastic Tales	1983	1997	?
Anthology of classic supernatural stories.
Science et métaphore chez Galilée Science and Metaphor in Galileo Galilei	1983	–	–
Lectures given at the École des hautes études in Paris.
The Written and the Unwritten Word	1983	1983	William Weaver
Lecture at the New York Institute for the Humanities on 30 March 1983
Collezione di sabbia Collection of Sand	1984	–	–
Journalistic essays from 1974–1984
Lezioni americane: Sei proposte per il prossimo millennio Six Memos for the Next Millennium	1988	1993	Patrick Creagh
Originally prepared for the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures. On the values of literature.
Sulla fiaba –	1988	–	–
Essays on fables.
I libri degli altri. Lettere 1947–1981 –	1991	–	–
Letters that Calvino wrote to other authors, whilst he worked at Einaudi.
Perché leggere i classici Why Read the Classics?	1991	1993	Martin McLaughlin
Essays on classic literature.

 سير ذاتية

الاسم	النشر	الترجمة	المترجم
L'entrata in guerra Into the War	1954	2011	Martin McLaughlin
La strada di San Giovanni الطريق إلى سان جوڤاني	1990	1993	Tim Parks
Eremita a Parigi. Pagine autobiografiche ناسك في پاريس	1994	2003	Martin McLaughlin
Album Calvino –	1995	–	–

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 ليبرتي

الاسم	العرض الأصلي
La panchina. Opera in un atto The Bench: One-Act Opera	1956
Libretto for the opera by Sergio Liberovici.
La vera storia	1982
Libretto for the opera by Luciano Berio.
Un re in ascolto A King Listens	1984
Libretto for the opera by Luciano Berio, based on Calvino's 1977 short story "A King Listens".

 أعمال مترجمة

الاسم الأصلي ترجمة الاسم	المؤلف الأصلي	النشر الأصلي	نشر الترجمة
Les fleurs bleues I fiori blu	Raymond Queneau	1965	1967
Le chant du Styrène La canzone del polistirene	Raymond Queneau	1958	1985

 أفلام مختارة

• Boccaccio '70, 1962 (co-wrote screenplay of Renzo e Luciano segment directed by Mario Monicelli)
• L'Amore difficile, 1963 (wrote L'avventura di un soldato segment directed by Nino Manfredi)
• Tiko and the Shark, 1964 (co-wrote screenplay directed by Folco Quilici)

 اقتباسات في السينما والتلفزيون

• The Nonexistent Knight by Pino Zac, 1969 (Italian animated film based on the novel)
• Amores dificiles by Ana Luisa Ligouri, 1983 (13' Mexican short)
• L'Aventure d'une baigneuse by Philippe Donzelot, 1991 (14' French short based on The Adventure of a Bather in Difficult Loves )
• Fantaghirò by Lamberto Bava, 1991 (TV adaptation based on Fanta-Ghirò the Beautiful in Italian Folktales)
• Solidarity by Nancy Kiang, 2006 (10' American short)
• Conscience by Yu-Hsiu Camille Chen, 2009 (10' Australian short)

 أفلام عنه

• Damian Pettigrew, Inside Italo (Lo specchio di Calvino, 2012). Co-produced by ARTE France, Italy's Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali, and the National Film Board of Canada, the recently completed feature-length docufiction stars Neri Marcorè as the Italian writer. Slated for a 2013 international release, the film also uses in-depth conversations videotaped at Calvino's Rome penthouse a year before his death in 1985 and rare footage from RAI, INA (Institut national de l'audiovisuel), and BBC television archives.

 جوائز

• 1946 – L'Unità Prize (shared with Marcello Venturi) for the short story, Minefield (Campo di mine)
• 1947 – Riccione Prize for The Path to the Nest of Spiders
• 1952 – Saint-Vincent Prize
• 1957 – Viareggio Prize for The Baron in the Trees
• 1959 – Bagutta Prize
• 1960 – Salento Prize for Our Ancestors
• 1963 – International Charles Veillon Prize for The Watcher
• 1970 – Asti Prize
• 1972 – Feltrinelli Prize for Invisible Cities
• 1976 – Austrian State Prize for European Literature
• 1981 – جوقة الشرف
• 1982 – World Fantasy Award - Life Achievement

 المصادر

 مطوبعات

مراجع أساسية

• Calvino, Italo. Adam, One Afternoon (trans. Archibald Colquhoun, Peggy Wright). London: Minerva, 1992.
• —. The Castle of Crossed Destinies (trans. William Weaver). London: Secker & Warburg, 1977
• —. Cosmicomics (trans. William Weaver). London: Picador, 1993.
• —. The Crow Comes Last (Ultimo viene il corvo). Turin: Einaudi, 1949.
• —. Difficult Loves. Smog. A Plunge into Real Estate (trans. William Weaver, Donald Selwyn Carne-Ross). London: Picador, 1985.
• —. Hermit in Paris (trans. Martin McLaughlin). London: Jonathan Cape, 2003.
• —. If on a winter's night a traveller (trans. William Weaver). London: Vintage, 1998. ISBN 0-919630-23-5
• —. Invisible Cities (trans. William Weaver). London: Secker & Warburg, 1974.
• —. Italian Fables (trans. Louis Brigante). New York: Collier, 1961. (50 tales)
• —. Italian Folk Tales (trans. Sylvia Mulcahy). London: J.M. Dent & Sons, 1975. (24 tales)
• —. Italian Folktales (trans. George Martin). Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1980. (complete 200 tales)
• —. Marcovaldo or the Seasons in the City (trans. William Weaver). London: Minerva, 1993.
• —. Mr. Palomar (trans. William Weaver). London: Vintage, 1999.
• —. Our Ancestors (trans. A. Colquhoun). London: Vintage, 1998.
• —. The Path to the Nest of Spiders (trans. Archibald Colquhoun). Boston: Beacon, 1957.
• —. The Path to the Spiders' Nests (trans. A. Colquhoun, revised by Martin McLaughlin). London: Jonathan Cape, 1993.
• —. t zero (trans. William Weaver). New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1969.
• —. The Road to San Giovanni (trans. Tim Parks). New York: Vintage International, 1993.
• —. Six Memos for the Next Millennium (trans. Patrick Creagh). New York: Vintage International, 1993.
• —. The Watcher and Other Stories (trans. William Weaver). New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company, 1971.

مراجع ثانوية

• Barenghi, Mario, and Bruno Falcetto. Romanzi e racconti di Italo Calvino. Milano: Mondadori, 1991.
• Bernardini Napoletano, Francesca. I segni nuovi di Italo Calvino. Rome: Bulzoni, 1977.
• Bonura, Giuseppe. Invito alla lettura di Calvino. Milan: U. Mursia, 1972.
• Calvino, Italo. Uno scrittore pomeridiano: Intervista sull'arte della narrativa a cura di William Weaver e Damian Pettigrew con un ricordo di Pietro Citati. Rome: minimum fax, 2003. ISBN 978-88-87765-86-1.
• Corti, Maria. 'Intervista: Italo Calvino' in Autografo 2 (October 1985): 47–53.
• Di Carlo, Franco. Come leggere I nostri antenati. Milan: U. Mursia, 1958. (1998 ISBN 978-88-425-2215-7).
• McLaughlin, Martin. Italo Calvino. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998. ISBN 978-0-7486-0735-8 (pb. ISBN 978-0-7486-0917-8).
• Weiss, Beno. Understanding Italo Calvino. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1993. ISBN 978-0-87249-858-7.

 أونلاين

• Italo Calvino at Emory University Online Resources and Links
• Outside the Town of Malbork A Site for Italo Calvino
• The Words that Failed Calvino on Che Guevara

 قراءات إضافية

عامة

• Benussi, Cristina (1989). Introduzione a Calvino. Rome: Laterza.
• Bartoloni, Paolo (2003). Interstitial Writing: Calvino, Caproni, Sereni and Svevo. Leicester: Troubador.
• Bloom, Harold (ed.)(2002). Bloom's Major Short Story Writers: Italo Calvino. Broomall, Pennsylvania: Chelsea House.
• Cannon, JoAnn (1981). Italo Calvino: Writer and Critic. Ravenna: Longo Press.
• Carter III, Albert Howard (1987). Italo Calvino: Metamorphoses of Fantasy. Ann Arbor, Michigan: UMI Research Press.
• Chubb, Stephen (1997). I, Writer, I, Reader: the Concept of the Self in the Fiction of Italo Calvino. Leicester: Troubador.
• Gabriele, Tomassina (1994). Italo Calvino: Eros and Language. Teaneck, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
• Jeannet, Angela M. (2000) Under the Radiant Sun and the Crescent Moon. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
• Markey, Constance (1999). Italo Calvino. A Journey Toward Postmodernism. Gainsville: Florida University Press.
• —. Interview. "Italo Calvino: The Contemporary Fabulist" in Italian Quarterly, 23 (spring 1982): 77–85.
• Pilz, Kerstin (2005). Mapping Complexity: Literature and Science in the Works of Italo Calvino. Leicester: Troubador.
• Ricci, Franco (1990). Difficult Games: A Reading of 'I racconti' by Italo Calvino. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
• – (2001). Painting with Words, Writing with Pictures. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-3507-8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 وصلات خارجية

• Italo Calvino at Emory University On-Line Resources and Links
• Outside the Town of Malbork A Site for Italo Calvino
• Damian Pettigrew, William Weaver (Fall 1992). "Italo Calvino, The Art of Fiction No. 130". Paris Review.

مقتطفات، مقالات وأعمال فنية

• If on a winter's night a traveler First chapter excerpts
• How Much Shall We Bet? Chapter 8 of Cosmicomics
• Calvino on Myth
• Calvino on Che Guevara
• In Calvino veritas Essays on Calvino