ڤستريوتلاند
ڤستريوتلاند (Västergötland ؛ السويدية: [ˈvɛ̂sːtɛrˌjøːtland] (
استمع))، وتُعرف أيضاً بإسم گوتلاند الغربية أو النسخة المـُلتـَّنة Westrogothia في الأدبيات الأقدم،[2] هي واحدة من 25 من مراكز السويد التقليدية غير الادارية (landskap بالسويدية)، وتقع في جنوب غرب السويد.
ڤستريوتلاند
Västergötland | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms | |
 | |
| البلد |  السويد |
| الإقليم | گوتالاند |
| المقاطعات | Västra Götaland County Jönköping County مقاطعة هالاند Örebro County |
| المساحة | |
| • الإجمالي | 16٬694 كم² (6٬446 ميل²) |
| التعداد (31 December 2016)[1] | |
| • الإجمالي | 1٬328٬128 |
| • الكثافة | 80/km2 (210/sq mi) |
| العرق | |
| • Language | السويدية |
| • اللهجة | Götamål |
| الثقافة | |
| • الزهرة | Heather |
| • الحيوان | Crane |
| • Bird | — |
| • السمكة | Burbot |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Västergötland is home to Gothenburg, the second largest city in Sweden, which is situated along a short stretch of the Kattegat strait. The province is bordered by Bohuslän, Dalsland, Värmland, Närke, Östergötland, Småland and Halland, as well as the two largest Swedish lakes Vänern and Vättern. Crown Princess Victoria is Duchess of Västergötland.
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الادارة
The provinces of Sweden serve no administrative function. Instead, that function is served by counties of Sweden. From the 17th century up until 31 December 1997, Västergötland was divided into Skaraborg County, Älvsborg County and a minor part of Gothenburg and Bohus County. From 1 January 1998 nearly all of the province is in the newly created Västra Götaland County, with the exception of Habo Municipality and Mullsjö Municipality, which were transferred to Jönköping County, and smaller parts of the province which are in Halland County and Örebro County.
الثقافة
اللغة
In Västergötland the Götamål dialect of Swedish is spoken. The dialect has several varieties like the ones spoken in Gothenburg and Sjuhärad, but the main dialectal variety is the Western Götaland dialect, Västgötska.
The dialect was first dealt with as early as 1772, by S. Hofs in his Dialectus vestrogothica, which was a vocabulary with a grammar introduction.
المعالم
Läckö Castle is situated on the island Kållandsö in the Vänern lake. It is generally regarded as one of Sweden's finest Baroque castles. The island was actually the location of a fortress as early as 1298, but the current building was begun in 1615, supervised first by Jacob De la Gardie and then finished by his son Magnus Gabriel de la Gardie.
Karlsborg Fortress, the largest fortress in Europe, is situated in the town of Karlsborg.[3] It is a testament to the "Central Defence Principle" of the 19th century, a reaction to the loss of Finland as a buffer state in 1809.
Bjurum manor, one of the largest Swedish manors in the country, is located in Västergötland.
Skara Cathedral is the oldest cathedral in the original parts of Sweden, i.e. if Scania is not included.
المئات
Hundreds of Sweden were sub-divisions of the Swedish provinces until the early 20th century. Several of Västergötland's hundreds were already described in the first written law for the province (Västgötalagen) in the 13th century. Västergötland's hundreds were:
المدن
مدن السويد كانت في السابق كيانات مشهرة بامتيازات معينة. أما اليوم فهن بلديات.
- Alingsås (1619)
- Borås (1622)
- Falköping (approximately 1200)
- گوتن‌بورگ/گوتى‌بورگ (1621)
- Hjo (تقريباً 1400)
- Lidköping (1446)
- Mariestad (1583)
- Mölndal (1922)
- Skara (تقريباً 988)
- Skövde (تقريباً 1400)
- Tidaholm (1910)
- Trollhättan (1916)
- Ulricehamn (تقريباً 1400)
- Vänersborg (1644)
أكبر مدينة، گوتن‌بورگ، is located by the western shore with a significant harbour commerce.
الرياضة
Football in the province is administered by Västergötlands Fotbollförbund.
انظر أيضاً
الهامش
- ^ "Folkmängd i landskapen den 31 december 2016" (in Swedish). Statistics Sweden. 2017-03-21. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 2017-11-25.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Eric Linklater في The Life of Charles XII pp. 53-54 & throughout
- ^ http://www.sfv.se/en/sigts-and-attractions/vastra-gotaland-county/karlsborg-fortress/[dead link]
مصادر أخرى
- Nordisk familjebok, Owl edition, volume 33, p. 373 ([1]).
وصلات خارجية
- Västergötland - Tourist site
- article Västergötland from Nordisk familjebok (in Swedish).
- Map of Västergötland
- Finnestorp website
قالب:Gothenburg Coordinates: 57°43′41″N 12°42′00″E / 57.728°N 12.700°E