وسام الحرية الرئاسي
وسام الحرية الرئاسي Presidential Medal of Freedom هو an award bestowed by the President of the United States and is—along with the comparable Congressional Gold Medal—the highest civilian award of the الولايات المتحدة. It recognizes those individuals who have made "an especially meritorious contribution to the security or national interests of the United States, world peace, cultural or other significant public or private endeavors".[3] The award is not limited to U.S. citizens and, while it is a civilian award, it can also be awarded to military personnel and worn on the uniform.
| وسام الحرية الرئاسي Presidential Medal of Freedom | |
|---|---|
 | |
يمنحها  رئيس الولايات المتحدة | |
| النوع | Medal |
| تمنح بسبب | "An especially meritorious contribution to the security or national interests of the United States, world peace, cultural or other significant public or private endeavors."[1] |
| الوضع | Active |
| إحصائيات | |
| تأسست | 1960 |
| أول مَنح | 1960 |
| حائزون متميزون | unknown; an average of fewer than 11 per year since 1993 [2] |
| الأولوية | |
| التالية (للأسفل) | وسام المواطنين الرئاسي |
.PNG){kind=small} .png){kind=small} Service ribbon of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (left: Medal with Distinction) | |
It was established in 1963 and replaced the earlier Medal of Freedom that was established by President Harry S. Truman in 1945 to honor civilian service during World War II.
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النقش
الحائزون
معرض صور
Civil Rights leader A. Philip Randolph receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom from president ليندون جونسون on September 14, 1964.
President ريتشارد نيكسون and the Apollo 13 crew (left to right: Jack Swigert, Jim Lovell and Fred Haise) after being presented the Presidential Medal of Freedom on April 18, 1970.
President Ronald Reagan يقدم الأم تريسا وسام الحرية الرئاسي في حفل في البيت الأبيض في 1985
رئيسة وزراء بريطانيا السابقة مارگرت ثاتشر receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President جورج هـ.و. بوش في 1991
George H. W. Bush awarding former President Ronald Reagan the Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction in January 1993
"The Queen of Soul" أريثا فرانكلن wipes a tear after being honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom alongside historian Robert Conquest, left, and economist ألان گرينسپان في 9 نوفمبر 2005.
Former United Kingdom Prime Minister توني بلير receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President جورج و. بوش في 13 يناير 2009
Former رئيس وزراء أستراليا John Howard receiving the Medal from George W. Bush on January 13, 2009
Chita Rivera with President Barack Obama prior to receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom, August 2009
President Barack Obama talks with Stephen Hawking in the Blue Room of the White House before a ceremony presenting him and 15 others the Presidential Medal of Freedom, August 12, 2009.
President Barack Obama awarding the Presidential Medal of Freedom to German chancellor Angela Merkel on June 7, 2011.
انظر أيضاً
- List of Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
- Awards and decorations of the United States government
- Awards and decorations of the United States military
- Bharat Ratna (India)
- Federal Cross of Merit (Germany)
- George Cross (United Kingdom)
- Légion d'honneur (France)
- Nishan-e-Imtiaz (Pakistan)
- Order of Merit (United Kingdom and Commonwealth)
- Order of Australia
- Knight Bachelor (United Kingdom)
- Order of Canada
- Order of St. Andrew (Russia)
الهامش
- ^ Executive Order 11085, signed February 22, 1960; Federal Register 28 FR 1759, February 26, 1963
- ^ "U.S. Senate: Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". 17 November 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
- ^ Executive Order 9586, signed July 6, 1945; Federal Register 10 FR 8523, July 10, 1945
وصلات خارجية
- "Presidential Medal of Freedom", an article (undated) from jfklibrary.org, the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum's official website. Accessed August 22, 2009.
- "Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients", a list of recipients from May 5, 1993, through August 19, 2009, from senate.gov, the U.S. Senate's official website. Accessed August 22, 2009.
- "President Bush Honors Medal of Freedom Recipients", a news release from the White House Press Secretary, December 15, 2006, containing a transcript of President George W. Bush's opening remarks at the December 15, 2006, presentation (with link to individual citations). Hosted on georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov, a section of the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's official website. Accessed August 22, 2009.
- "Medal of Freedom Ceremony" (August 12, 2009), a news release, August 12, 2009, from the White House Press Secretary at whitehouse.gov, the White House's official website. Accessed August 22, 2009.
- Sanger, David E., "War Figures Honored With Medal of Freedom", The New York Times, December 15, 2004.