فرينيخوس العربي
فرينيخوس العربي ( Phrynichus Arabius ؛ /ˈfrɪnɪkəs/؛ باليونانية: Φρύνιχος Ἀράβιος، وتعني حرفياً 'فرينيخوس العربي')[1][2] أو فرينيخوس من بيثينيا (باليونانية: Φρύνιχος ὁ Βιθυνός) كان نحاءً عربياً[3][4] للغة اليونانية ازدهر في بيثينيا القرن الثاني، وقد كتب أعماله بالأسلوب الآتيكي الفصحى. كما يُترجم اسمه لفظياً إلى Phrynichos أو Phrynikhos.
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الحياة
يقول سودا:
- Φρύνιχος, Βιθυνός, σοφιστής. Ἀττικιστὴν ὑπ' Ἀττικῶν ὀνομάτων βιβλία β#, Τιθεμένων συναγωγήν, Σοφιστικῆς παρασκευῆς βιβλία μζ#, οἱ δὲ οδ#. [5]
- "Phrynichus of Bithynia, sophist. He wrote
- Atticist, or On Attic Words (Ἀττικῶν ὀνομάτων) in two books;
- Collection of Usages (Τιθεμένων συναγωγήν)
- Sophistic Preparations (Σοφιστικῆς παρασκευῆς (47 books, but some say 74)[6]
كنماذج للأسلوب الآتيكي، وضع فرينيخوس في أعلى مرتبة الكـُتاب أفلاطون وديموستينس و أسخينس السقراطي. العمل تم تعليمه، ولكنه مسهب وثرثار. A fragment contained in a Paris MS. was published by B. de Montfaucon, and by I. Bekker.[7] Another work of Phrynichus, not mentioned by Photius, but perhaps identical with the Atticist mentioned by Suidas, the Selection (Ἐκλογὴ) of Attic Words and Phrases, is extant. It is dedicated to Cornelianus, a man of literary tastes, and one of the imperial secretaries, who had invited the author to undertake the work; it is a collection of current words and forms which deviated from the Old Attic standard, the true Attic equivalents being given side by side. The work is thus a prescriptive and reforming lexicon antibarbarum, and is interesting as illustrating the changes through which the Greek language had passed between the 4th century B.C. and the 2nd century A.D.[6]
Editions of the Eklogê, with valuable notes, have been published by C. A. Lobeck (1820) and W. G. Rutherford (1881); Lobeck devotes his attention chiefly to the later, Rutherford to the earlier usages noticed by Phrynichus. See also J. Brenous, De Phrynicho Atticista (1895).
ملاحظات
- ^ Davidson, James (2015-03-03). Courtesans & Fishcakes: The Consuming Passions of Classical Athens (in الإنجليزية). St. Martin's Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-4668-9159-3.
- ^ Bloemendal, Jan (2010-05-31). Gerardus Joannes Vossius: Poeticarum institutionum libri tres / Institutes of Poetics in Three Books (in الإنجليزية). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-18409-1.
- ^ Regali, Mario (2015-10-01). "Phrynichus Arabius". Lexicon of Greek Grammarians of Antiquity (in الإنجليزية).
- ^ Matter, Jacques (1820). Essai historique sur l'École d'Alexandrie ... (in الفرنسية).
- ^ "Φρύνιχος," Suda, Adler number: φ764.
- ^ أ ب Chisholm 1911.
- ^ I. Bekker, editor. Anecdota graeca (1814)
المصادر
- I. Avotins "The sophist Aristocles and the grammarian Phrynichus", Parola del Passato 33 (1978), 181–91
- J. de Borries Phrynichi Sophistae Praeparatio Sophistica (Leipzig 1911)
- E. Fischer Die Ekloge des Phrynichos (SGLG 1, Berlin 1974)
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . دائرة المعارف البريطانية. Vol. 21 (eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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وصلات خارجية
- Phrynichi eclogae nominum et verborum atticorum, Chr. Augus. Lobeck (ed.), Lipsiae, in libraria weidmannia, 1820.
- The new Phrynichus, being a revised text of The Ecloga of the grammarian Phrynichus, W. Gunion Rutherford (ed.), London, Macmillan and Co., 1881.