اللغة الپولندية
(تم التحويل من البولندية)
الپولندية (język polski [jɛ̃zɨk ˈpɔlskʲi] ( استمع), polszczyzna, or simply polski) هي اللغة الرسمية في بولندا ، وهي تعتبر من اللغات السلافية الغربية.
Polish | |
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polski | |
النطق | [ˈpɔlskʲi] (![]() |
موطنها | Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, central-western Lithuania, bordering regions of western Ukraine and western Belarus, Romania, Moldova. See also Polish diaspora. |
العرق | Poles Kashubs Silesians |
الناطقون الأصليون | 55 million (2010)ne2010 |
الصيغ المبكرة | |
Latin (Polish alphabet) Polish Braille | |
System Językowo-Migowy (SJM) | |
الوضع الرسمي | |
لغة رسمية في | ![]() ![]() |
لغة أقلية معترف بها في | |
ينظمها | Polish Language Council (of the Polish Academy of Sciences) |
أكواد اللغات | |
ISO 639-2 | pol |
ISO 639-2 | pol |
ISO 639-3 | pol – inclusive codeIndividual code: szl – Silesian |
Glottolog | poli1260 |
Linguasphere | 53-AAA-cc 53-AAA-b..-d |
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التوزيع الجغرافي
Geographic language distribution maps of Poland from pre-WWII to present
The "Recovered Territories" (in pink) are those parts of Germany and the Free City of Gdańsk that became part of Poland after World War II. Gray color, territories lost to the Soviet Union followed by mass Polish population transfers (1944–46)
اللهجات
The oldest printed text in Polish – Statuta synodalia Episcoporum Wratislaviensis printed in 1475 in Wrocław by Kasper Elyan.
Phonology
See also
الهامش
- ^ أ ب ت European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
- ^ Nyelvi sokszínűség az EU-ban
- ^ Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
- ^ Minority related national legislation of Lithuania
- ^ "Law of Ukraine "On Principles of State Language Policy" (Current version — Revision from 01.02.2014)". Document 5029-17, Article 7: Regional or minority languages Ukraine, Paragraph 2. Zakon2.rada.gov.ua. 1 February 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
للاستزادة
- Bisko, Wacław (1966). Mówimy po polsku. A beginner's course of Polish (DTBook). translated and adapted by Stanisław Kryński. Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna (pl).
- Sadowska, Iwona (2012). Polish: A Comprehensive Grammar. Oxford; New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-47541-9.
- Swan, Oscar E. (2002). A Grammar of Contemporary Polish. Bloomington, IN: Slavica. ISBN 0-89357-296-9.
وصلات خارجية
اللغة الپولندية edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wikivoyage has a phrasebook for Polish.
Find more about اللغة الپولندية at Wikipedia's sister projects | |
Definitions from Wiktionary | |
Media from Commons | |
Quotations from Wikiquote | |
Textbooks from Wikibooks |
- Interpreting Translation Polish-English Site
- Basic Polish Phrases
- Basic Polish Phrases Audio Course
- Polish Pronunciation Audio and Grammar Charts
- King's College London: Polish Language Resources
- University of Pittsburgh: Polish Language Website
- "A Touch of Polish", BBC
- A Grammar of the Polish Language
- A Concise Polish Grammar, by Ronald F. Feldstein (110-page 600-KB pdf)
- Oscar Swan's Electronic Polish-English, English-Polish dictionary
- English-Polish Online Dictionary[dead link]
- Basic English-Polish Dictionary
- Big English-Polish Dictionary with example sentences from translation memories
- Polish Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words from Wiktionary's Swadesh-list appendix
- Learn Polish—List of Online Polish Courses
- Polish English wordlist, 600 terms
- A taste of linguistic diversity of contemporary Poland, Culture.pl
- KELLY Project word list 9000 most useful words for learners of Polish
- Dictionaries24.com Online dictionary with English-Polish and Polish-English translations
قالب:Polish language قالب:Languages of Poland قالب:Languages of Belarus
الكلمات الدالة: