أسبست
أسبست (روسية: Асбе́ст؛ إنگليزية: Asbest) هي town في أوبلاست سڤردلوڤسك، روسيا, located on the Bolshoy Reft River (right tributary of the Pyshma) on the eastern slopes of the جبال الأورال, 70 kilometers (43 mi) northeast of Yekaterinburg. Population: 68,893 (تعداد 2010);[2] 76,328 (تعداد 2002);[6] 84,470 (تعداد 1989).[7] It was previously known as Kudelka (until 1928).
Asbest
Асбест | |
|---|---|
 Welcome sign at the entrance to Asbest, saying "Asbest is my town and destiny" | |
.png) Flag .png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Asbest  | |
  Asbest Location of Asbest  Asbest Asbest (Sverdlovsk Oblast) | |
| الإحداثيات: 57°00′N 61°28′E / 57.000°N 61.467°ECoordinates: 57°00′N 61°28′E / 57.000°N 61.467°E | |
| البلد | روسيا |
| الكيان الاتحادي | Sverdlovsk Oblast[1] |
| Founded | 1889 |
| Town status since | 1933 |
| المنسوب | 220 m (720 ft) |
| التعداد | |
| • الإجمالي | 68٬893 |
| • Estimate (2018) | 64٬091 (−7%) |
| • Subordinated to | Town of Asbest[1] |
| • Capital of | Town of Asbest |
| • Urban okrug | Asbestovsky Urban Okrug[3] |
| • Capital of | Asbestovsky Urban Okrug[3] |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+ ([4]) |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 624260 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 34365 |
| OKTMO ID | 65730000001 |
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أصل الاسم
البلدة مسماة بسبب صناعة الأسبستوس فيها.
التاريخ
It was founded in 1889 as Kudelka (Куделька).[بحاجة لمصدر] It was granted town status and given its present name in 1933.[بحاجة لمصدر]
الاقتصاد
Today's Asbest is a large industrial center. Joint-stock company Uralasbest is the main industrial enterprise. The chrysotile (asbestos) mine adjacent to the town is the subject of published, peer-reviewed scientific investigations and is said to be the world's largest.[8] The adjacent open-pit Uralasbest mine is said to be "seven miles (11 km) long and 1 to 1.5 miles (2.5 km) wide, (and) it is nearly half the size of Manhattan — and more than a thousand feet (300 meters) deep".[9]
Other factories include UralATI, Zarechny, Asbostroy, Asbestovskaya poultry processing plant, and a ferroconcrete production factory. Asbestos, bricks, porcelain, furniture, metal constructions, and other products are produced in Asbest.[بحاجة لمصدر]
الهامش
ملاحظات
- ^ أ ب ت خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةOKATO - ^ أ ب Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1". Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
{{cite web}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ أ ب خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةSverdlovskO_mun - ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in روسية)
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек[[Category:Articles containing روسية-language text]][[Category:Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes|ru]] (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
{{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров.[[Category:Articles containing روسية-language text]][[Category:Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes|ru]] (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)". Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
{{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help); URL–wikilink conflict (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Tossavainen, Antti; Kovalevsky, Evgeny; Vanhala, Esa; Vanhala, Timo; Tuomi, Timo (2000). "Pulmonary mineral fibers after occupational and environmental exposure to asbestos in the Russian chrysotile industry". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 37 (4): 327–333. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(200004)37:4<327::AID-AJIM1>3.0.CO;2-1. PMID 10706743.
- ^ Shleynov, Roman (July 20, 2010). "The World's Asbestos Behemoth". The Center for Public Integrity.
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